Stricter rules for family reunification come into effect

As of today, new rules on family reunification are in force. The reform introduces tighter conditions for those wishing to bring their family members to Belgium. In 2024, nearly 60,000 people received a first residence permit through family reunification. Minister for Asylum and Migration Anneleen Van Bossuyt stated:
“Because of overly lenient rules, Belgium has become a magnet for migrants and asylum seekers. These measures are meant to break that pull.”

No more family reunification at the expense of society

Family reunification remains the largest legal migration channel into Belgium. Last year, almost 60,000 people received a first residence permit this way, compared to around 59,000 in 2023. That influx puts significant pressure on our social infrastructure. A tightening of the rules was therefore necessary.

One major change is the increase in the income threshold for family reunification. From now on, anyone wishing to bring family members to Belgium must prove they earn at least 110% of the guaranteed average minimum income (GAMI), plus an additional 10% for each extra family member.

“Anyone who wants to bring their family here must be financially capable of supporting them. This can no longer come at the cost of our society,” said Minister Van Bossuyt.

Minimum age raised to protect vulnerable young people

The minimum age for applying for family reunification or family formation with a partner is being raised from 18 to 21. The measure aims to combat child and forced marriages. “Marriage must never be used as a tool to gain residence rights. Raising the age offers additional protection against the exploitation of vulnerable young people,” the minister explained.

Applicants with temporary protection status will have to wait

For individuals with temporary protection status—such as those granted subsidiary protection or those temporarily displaced—the rules for family reunification are being significantly tightened. Family formation is no longer permitted for these groups. Family reunification will only be allowed after a two-year waiting period and under strict material conditions, including sufficient income, adequate housing, and health insurance.

The unconditional period during which recognised refugees can bring over their family without meeting material requirements is being shortened from twelve months to six.

For unaccompanied minors with recognised refugee status, family reunification remains possible without a waiting period. For beneficiaries of subsidiary protection, the Immigration Office will assess each case individually. In 2024, there were 25 such applications.

“It’s precisely because of their vulnerability that we allow an exception. At the same time, we want to prevent children from being sent ahead on their own, just so their parents can follow later through family reunification. That can lead to heartbreaking situations, where minors end up in criminal networks in order to pay back their smugglers,” said Minister Van Bossuyt.

No waiting period for labour migration

The waiting period does not apply to labour migration.